Artificial intelligence

IP Address

What is IP Address ? 

Your device's ability to send or receive data packets over the internet is enabled by its IP address. It stores information about your position, enabling two-way communication between devices. To distinguish between various networks, routers, and websites on the internet, a technique is necessary. Because of this, IP addresses provide the means of doing so, and they play a crucial role in how the internet functions. You'll see that the majority of IP addresses are purely numerical. However, when internet usage increases and the world sees a massive increase in network users, the network developers have to add some letters and certain addresses.

A set of digits separated by periods (.) serve as an IP address's representation. They are stated as four pairs, with each set's possible value ranging from 0 to 255. An example address for this would be 255.255.255.255.

 

IP addresses aren't generated at random. The IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), a division of the ICANN, generates them mathematically and assigns them after that. Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN, is what it stands for. It was established in 1998 as a non-profit organisation in the US with the mission of managing Internet security and making it accessible to everyone.

IP Address Version

The Internet now uses two different versions of the Internet Protocol. Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) is the original Internet Protocol and was first used in the ARPANET, the Internet's forerunner, in 1983.

 

By the early 1990s, the IPv4 address space that could be assigned to Internet service providers and end-user organisations was quickly running out, prompting the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to look into new technologies to increase the Internet's addressing capacity. The Internet Protocol was redesigned as a result, and in 1995 it was given the name Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6). Before commercial production deployment of IPv6 began in the middle of the 2000s, the technology was in various experimental stages.

 

Both of these Internet Protocol iterations are in use at the same time right now. Each version defines address formats differently, among other technical modifications. The IP addresses defined by IPv4 are still commonly referred to by the general term "IP address" due to their historical prevalence. The experimental Internet Stream Protocol was given version 5 in 1979, but it was never referred to as IPv5. As a result, there is a gap between IPv4 and IPv6, which is due to this assignment.

Only v4 and v6 ever saw significant adoption among the other versions, which ranged from v1 to v9. Since there was no distinct IP definition in 1974 or 1977, the TCP protocols were referred to as v1 and v2, respectively. The first time TCP and IP were split was in version 3.1, which was released in 1980. The v6 Simple Internet Protocol, the v7 TP/IX: The Next Internet, the v8 PIP — The P Internet Protocol, and the v9 TUBA—TCP and UDP with Big Addresses—are all versions that have been proposed.

How to work IP Address ?

Sometimes a device won't connect to your network the way you anticipate it to, or your network may not be functioning properly, and you want to fix the issue. Understanding how IP addresses function is essential in order to respond to the issues raised above.

 

Like other languages, Internet Protocol (IP) operates by following predetermined rules to transmit information. Only this protocol is used by all devices to obtain, send, and relay information to other related devices. Computers located anywhere can communicate with one another by speaking the same language.

What is Subnet Mask ? 

Both IPv4 and IPv6 networks can be separated into subnetworks. An IP address is understood to be composed of two elements for this purpose: the network prefix in the high-order bits and the remainder field, host identification, or interface identifier (IPv6), which is used for host numbering within a network. How the IP address is split into network and host components depends on the subnet mask, or CIDR notation.

Only in IPv4 is the phrase "subnet mask" used. However, the CIDR idea and syntax are used in both IP versions. In this, the routing prefix—also known as the network part—is followed by the IP address, a slash, and the number of bits (in decimal). An IPv4 address might be 192.0.2.1, and its subnet mask might be 255.255.255.0, for instance. Due to the fact that the network and subnet are indicated by the first 24 bits of the IP address, the CIDR notation for the same IP address and subnet is 192.0.2.1/24.